This paper presents multi-objective algorithm for optimal designing of permanent magnet synchronous motors. The special attention is paid on the formulation the optimization problem, especially on the correct selection of the partial criteria which constitute multi-objective function and constraints. It is pointed out that connection of multimodal parameter (cogging torque) and unimodal parameter (electromagnetic torque) in one multi-objective compromise function can lead to erroneous operation of optimization algorithm. Therefore, decomposition of the optimization task into two-level is proposed. The optimization calculation has been executed for permanent magnet synchronous motor structure with hybrid excitation system.
Słowa kluczowe: multi-objective optimization, genetic algorithm, finite element method, permanent magnet synchronous motors.
Abstract
W artykule przedstawiono algorytm do optymalizacji magnetoelektrycznych silników synchronicznych. Przedstawiono rozważania dotyczące poprawnego formułowania kompromisowych funkcji celu, w szczególności odpowiedniego doboru kryteriów cząstkowych. Wykazano, że włączenie do kompromisowej funkcji jednocześnie członu reprezentującego elektromagnetyczny moment użyteczny i moment zaczepowy może prowadzić do błędnego działania algorytmu optymalizacji. Zaproponowano dekompozycję zadania optymalizacji na dwa etapy. Przedstawiono i omówiono wybrane wyniki obliczeń optymalizacyjnych dla magnetoelektrycznego silnika synchronicznego z hybrydowym układem wzbudzenia
Keywords: optymalizacja, algorytmy genetyczne, metoda elementów skończonych, magnetoelektryczne silniki synchroniczne
In comparison to high efficiency induction motors, the permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) have many advantages: large torque-to-mass ratio, high efficiency, constant speed operation, and long operational life [1, 2, 3]. At present, the manufacturers of the permanent magnets produce high density magnets with better magnetic, mechanics and thermal properties. On the other hand, there are increasing requirements regarding energy saving and natural environmental protection. Therefore, the rapid development of the constructions of permanent magnet (PM) motors, in particular PM synchronous motors is observed. The PMSM machines are usually small and medium power motors [4]. The stator winding is distributed in the slots and often are wye connected. The PMSM motor winding are similar to the winding used in induction motors. Depending on the application of the motor and properties of used magnetic material, the PMSM structures may differ considerably. The way of mounting, types and dimensions of the permanent magnets in the rotor have essential impact on motor parameters [5]. The magnets may be mounted on the surface or embedded inside the rotor [6, 7, 8]. Typical structures are shown in Fig. 1. In recent years, the technology of magnetic powder has develops rapidly. This concerns both: hard and soft magnetic materials. Using this technology, it is possible to easy formation of the magnetic circuit geometry and also allows shaping the magnetic properties which depend on the used admixtures. More and more often designers and constructors of the permanent magnet machines make use of advantage of this technology [9]. Electric motors with hybrid excitation systems are constructed. In such constructions hybrid magnets excitation system compound from two or even several magnetic materials (with different properties) is often applied. Two chosen new constructions with hybrid rotors are presented in Fig. 2. New constructions of pe [...]
Prenumerata
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