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» Microstructure formation of CrNiMoV steel by hot plastic deformations

TIBOR KVAČKAJ

The influence of deformations and deformation temperatures on austenite grain size, static recrystallization fraction of austenite and mechanical properties of high clean steel grade STN 41 6537 were investigated. This steel grade is used on forged rotors for steam turbines in power generation. S. 492 HUTNIK - WIADOMOŚCI HUTNICZE Nr 8 W pracy zbadano wpływ stopnia odkształcenia i temperatury o[...] więcej»
w zeszycie HUTNIK - WIADOMOŚCI HUTNICZE 2008/8

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» Influence of coiling conditions on IF steel properties

MICHAL KVAČKAJ

Mechanical properties and structure of interstitial free (IF) steel in dependence on hot rolling conditions and coiling conditions are given. The influence of finished hot rolling conditions over temperature Ar3 (austenitic rolling), finished hot rolling conditions below temperature Ar1 (ferritic rolling) and coiling temperature are described. The tools of process controlling (deformations, temperatures, strain rate, time) for recrystallization, precipitation and phase transformation are discussed. Graphical dependences of mechanical properties and ferritic grain size on coiling temperatures are shown. The best processes conditions from point of view obtain of mechanical properties in class SEDDQ (super extra deep draw quality) in hot rolled strip are concluded. W artykule przedstawi[...] więcej»
w zeszycie HUTNIK - WIADOMOŚCI HUTNICZE 2009/8

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» Impact of strain rate on Cu mechanical properties

ANDREA KOVáčOVá

TIBOR KVAčKAJ

IMRICH POKORNý

JAN DUTKIEWICZ

LiDIA LiTyńSKA-Dobrzyńska

TIBOR DONIč

Materials with ultrafine-grained (UFG) structure have been studied in the last few years because of their unique properties. The main feature of UFG metals is grain size diameter which is below as 1 μm. Considering that grain size reduces to nanometer range, the materials exhibit unique mechanical and physical properties. They have high strength and wear resistance, good ductility at room temperature and superplasticity at elevated temperature [1, 2]. At the same time they have demonstrated properties as a decrease in the elastic moduli, the decrease of the Curie temperature, enhanced diffusivity and improved magnetic properties [1, 3, 4]. The severe plastic deformation methods have been applied to UFG materials formation. The ECAP, ECAP-BP, HPT, ARB are well known technologies nowadays and have been successfully used to structure formation with grain size ~70÷500 nm [5÷7]. The unique properties of UFG metals are connected with specific microstructures features. The UFG microstructure created during SPD processes is formed by dislocations arrangement - “dislocation cell structure“ having mostly low angle boundaries [8]. Based on Valiev’s study [1], during metal processing via SPD great amount of dislocations is introduced to material resulting in high level of internal stresses and elastic distortion of crystal lattice near a boundary. Consequently, the grains boundaries are in the non-equilibrium state and deformation mechanism as grain boundary sliding and grain rotation would be enhanced. The final UFG structure contains huge amount of grain boundaries with mainly high-angle misorientations [9]. The small grain size and great density of defects (as dislocations, vacancies, triple junctions) in UFG materials cause higher strength properties achievement. At the same time, some experimental results show occurrence of superplasticity at lower temperature as well as at high strain rate in UFG metals [10, 11[...] więcej»
w zeszycie INŻYNIERIA MATERIAŁOWA 2011/1

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» Mathematical simulation of deformation behaviour in Equal Channel Angular Rolling process

MICHAL KVAčKAJ

During the last decade, fabrication of bulk nanostructured metals and alloys using severe plastic deformation (SPD) has been evolving as a rapidly progressing direction of modern materials science that is aimed at developing materials with new mechanical and functional properties for advanced application [1]. The principle of these developments is based on grain refinement down to the nanoscale level in bulk billets using SPD. Ultra-fine grained material produced by IPD are characterized by increased value of strength, fatigue properties and mechanical properties of superplasticity. These properties depend from nanosize grain structure, its distribution in the material, stress, texture and other structural properties. The authors [2] highlighted the important fact, that the evolution of structure during the IPD is not related to the transformation of the microstructure of UFG structure with high angled grain boundaries. After IPD using, nanosize structure polyhedral materials is achieved, by dislocations slides, or dislocations rotations inside grains and slides on grain boundaries [3, 4]. Various processes of intensive plastic deformations have been proposed for the process of drafting the UFG materials using a simple slip. The application of severe plastic deformation (SPD) to conventional polycrystalline metals provides a powerful tool for refine the grain size to the submicrometer or nanometer range [1]. Ultra-fine grained materials (UFG, grain size less than ~1 μm) with unique mechanical and physical properties can be produced by severe plastic deformation [5÷11], such as a noble technique called equal channel angular rolling (ECAR). Lee et al. [12] proposed that Φ can be adjusted from 100° to 140° for producing ultra-fine grains with high angles of mi[...] więcej»
w zeszycie INŻYNIERIA MATERIAŁOWA 2011/2

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